Ejector and firing-pin operated by mainspring



2 Sheets- Sheet 1. y TON. AND FIRING- PIN OPBRATED BY MAINSPRING.

(No Model.)`

C. A. YOUNG & S* H. BAR vBJEGTOR Patented July 31, 1894.

NVENTOR@ ATTORNEYJ KM @22M r Nonms m29: co

- 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. o. A. YOUNG & S.,H. BART0N. EJEGTOR AND FIRING PIN OPEMUIFD BY MAINSPRING.

(No Model.)

No. 523,845. Patented July 3l, 1894.

lNVENTORd UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES A. YOUNG AND SILAS H. BARTON, OF ENON,

EJECTOR AND FlRlNG-Pl'N OPERATED BYAMAINSPRI'NG.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters .Patent No. 523,845, dated July 3f, 1894. Application nea November 24,1893. serial Nb. 491,846. (No man.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.: l

Be it known that we, CHARLES A. YOUNG and SILAS II. BARTON, citizens of the United States, residing at Enon, in the county of Clark and State of Ohio, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Guns, of which Athe following is a specification.

Or invention relates to improvements in guns, and it especially relates to breech-loading shot guns.

' -The object of our invention is to provide a hammerless gun, the firing pin being operated directly from the main spring.

A further object o f our invention is to provide novel means for ejecting the shell when the gun is opened for reloading, the construction being such that the shell is ejected only after it has been fired, so that if one shell only is red, thatone will be ejected. neither shell has been fired, neither one will be ejected.

`A further object of our invention is to provide an improved form of safety device, by means of which the lfiring mechanism is au tomatically locked under certain conditions of adjustment, the device being so constructed that the ring mechanism may be locked or unlocked at will.

A further objectief our invention is to'simj plify the construction ofthe guns heretofore in'use, and thus produce a gunof lightweight and fewer parts than heretofore employed in Y guns capable of the same adjustment.

A further object of the invention is to provide novel means by which the main spring ser ves the double purpose of ejecting the shell and operating the firing pin.

lVe attain these objects by the constructions shown in the accompanying drawings, in whichj Figure l is a longitudinal sectional view of a gun embodying our invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the lock and operating parts, a portion of the same being shown in section. Fig. 3 is a sido elevation of a portion of the same, taken on a different plane from Fig. 1. FigsA. to 10, inclusive, are details referred to hereinafter.

Like parts are represented by similar let ters of reference in the several views.

In the drawings, a. represents the gun stock, and l) the barrel or barrels, and which is provided with the downwardly projecting lug b', hinged to the stock at 122,'i'n the usual manner.

The lock or firing mechanism propercon'-v sists essentially of three pieces, a main spring c, a firing pin c', and a combined sear and trigger c2. (See Fig. 3.) The firing pin c is formed on the-arc of a circle, and isl held in its proper position by a pin c3, which passes through the slotted opening ci. The main spring c consists simply ofa U shaped'spring,

the arms of which are practically of the same length; the spring being placed in a retaining receptaele'in the receiver and held therein by a small projection c5, `formed on the base plate. The spring c, when depressed, is engaged by a shoulder o, on the sear c2. By drawing on the trigger c7, whichis preferably formed integral with the sear, the spring is released and flies upward, striking the bottom of the firing pin, which is forced upward and outward on the are of -a circle and contacts with the cartridge. A scar spring cs is preferably employed for returning the Sear and trigger to its normal position. v

To provide for setting the main springs and thus cooking thegun, we employ pivoted levers chene foreach main spring employed.

These levers (Z are pivoted at d in the forward portion of the frame, and lie alongside` of and preferably between the respective main springs. They are v each provided at their rear ends with laterally projecting arms' or lugs d2, which project over the main springs c; thc iiring pin c being preferably notched out, as shown at ci, to form aV recess for the arms or lugs d2, whenthe main spring is in contact with the bottom of the firing pin. The forward ends of the levers d are adapted to contact with the'lug 1) on the barrels, so that as the barrels are turned on the pivoted bearing b2, the front ends of said levers are elevated by said lug, thus bringing the arms or lugs d2 on said levers in contact with the main spring and depressing the same until the end of said spring is engaged by the sear c2. Both of the springs are thus set andv both barrels cocked when the gun is opened.

Located at the rear of the barrels and above the liring pins is a piveted catch c, connected to a thumb lever c', and having a projecting inger c2, adapted to engage in an opening b3, formed in a projection h, at the rear end of thel barrels. Aspring e3 tends to hold the latch in its normal position; that is, with the finger e2 in engagement with the projection b4. When the latch is operated,however, by

the lever e', so as to withdraw the .finger e2 from the projection b4, the latch is h'eld in this position by a small spring-actuated pin e5, whichis pressed upwardly by a spring e6, so that the upper end engags in a notch e", formed on the lower side of the finger e2. The pin e5, is provided with a projecting shoulder e8, adapted, as the barrels are forced downwardly to their normal positions, to be engaged by the projection b4, so that the pin is withdrawn from the notch, thus allowing the same-to beforced bythe spring ve3 into engagement with the projection-b4.

To provid barrels are opened, and to further provide that no shell shall be ejected unless the samey has been flred,'we construct at the inner lower `corner of each of the barrels, ejector slides f,

`which in their normal positions form a portion of the rearend of the barrels,'and are recessed in the usual way to receive the rim of the cartridge. These ejector slides f are independent of each other, and are provided with projecting stems f which extend forwardly so as to contact with pivoted and sliding levers f2, secured in the fore-arm or to thestock, as preference may dictate. These pivoted levers f2 are secured by pins f8 in their proper postions,which pins pass through slotted. openings f,.the levers and openings being formed on the arc of a circle struck from the` center of the pivoted bearing on which the barrels are hinged.'

Extending backwardly and upwardly ,through the lug b are ejector pins f, the

front ends of whichare adapted to contact with the lower and rear ends of the curved levers f2. The rear ends of these pins f5 are rounded or beveled, and stand in their normal position immediately below the front ends of the pivoted levers d, which are correspondingly beveled. The lug b on the barrelis provided with a cam faceb'immediately above the ends of the pins f 5, adapted, as the barrels are opened, to contact with said levers and thus operate said levers so asI to partially compress the main springs; the construction being such that the lever or levers will, as the barrels continue to move in o pening, be released from said cam face and be forced in contact with the beveled ends of the pins fs by the action of the partially compressed main spring. The result of this operation will beto force the pin ffi longitudinally so as to contact with the ejector lever releases the lever d just as' the lower side of that the action of the lever d, impelled by the.l 4main spring, will, ythrough the connection dethe barrels have cleared the breech-block, so

for ej acting the shells when they scribed, produce such a rapid and sudden movement ofthe ejector slide as to throw the cartridge shell some distance out from the gun. As the barrels are further depressed in opening, av projecting cam -face be, below vthe pins f5, comes in Contact with the levers and produces-a further movement thereof, so as to completely compress the main spring (or springs) until it is engaged by the sear c2. Now, it vwill be seen that if the main spring is already compressed and in position for ring, the ejecting action cannot take place, as the pivotedlevers d,in this case, will be normally held out of engagement with the sliding pins f5, a small spring d3, being preferably provided for this purpose. j

In order to provide for. locking the firing mechanism so as to absolutely prevent-the discharge of the gun, accidentally-or otherwise,-Wh`en in this locked position, we provide a locking lever or catch g, pivoted to the bottom plate ofthe lock and adapted to project upwardlybetween the respective sears c2, which a're formed with inwardly extending projections c1", immediately in front of the lockingl lever g. (See Fig. 2.) This locking lever g is provided with a hook-shaped projection gadapted, when moved in one position, to engage with the projection 01, on the respective sears, and thus Vhold said sears against an upward movement, which is necessary to release the main spring.

The locking lever g is extended upwardly and passes through a perforation in a sliding bar g2, preferably formed of resilient metaland connected at its rear end to an operating thumb stud' g3, which projectsl through a.

slottedy opening g4 in the-upper portion or tang of the lock.- By pushingthe bar gtforward or back, by means of the stud g3, the locking lever is caused to engage o'r disengage the sears. A spring g5 is preferably employed -be'hind the locking lever so as tofnormally press said locking leverinto engagement with the sears. The sliding bar'gl2 is providedwvith a' hook-shaped catch gs, adapted to .engage with a projectiongI andhold the locking lever out of engagement with the IIO sears when the bar is pressed forward, until l said catch engages with said projection. The bar g2 is provided in front of `the catch g with an extended ,portionfg which is projected forward in line with'a cam face g, formed on the pivoted catch' e, which cam face is adapted, as-the catch 4is revolvedto depress said bar and thus release the catch g6 from the.`projection' 97, and permit the spring g5 to force the locking lever into engagement with the respective sears. The result of this construction is, that each time the gun is opened the locking lever is forced by the spring g5 into engagement'with the sears, and whenpiny this position it is impossible to discharge the-gun until the lookin g lever isagain moved ont of engagement with said sears.l Means are provided by which the safety locking device lmay be thrown at will.

operated every time the gun is opened, so that out of use. This is accomplished by providing an opening g10 in the sliding bar g2, into which a small` screw g is adapted to beinserted when the bar is moved to the position which. unlocks the sears. This screw g11 is extended through the upper plate'or tang oi'I the frame so as to be readily engaged by a screwdriver; the head of the screw bengpreferably conntersunk so as to be entirely out of the Way. When the screw is forced into the opening g1", then the safety locking device is held -in such a position that it cannot engage with the sears, and' thusI becomes Wholly inactive.

To provide for adjusting the pull of the gun so that the movement ofthe trigger necessary to discharge the gun may be varied as desired, we preferably employ adjusting screws h, im-

mediately under the sears, and adapted to form stops therefor. By adjusting these screws more or less through the bottom plate, the sears are more or less removed from the ends ofthe springsso that the engagement of the sears with'said springs is varied, and thus the amount of the movement of the trigger necessary to disengage said springs is varied It will be seen from the above description that the construction of the gun, While ex'- tremely simple, is such as to render automatic theejection of the shell b'y the same springs which accomplish the discharge of the gun. The gun is absolutely hammerless, as the spring acts directly on the tiring pin. By the employmentot the pivoted lever in connection with the springs and ej ectors,-only such cartridge as has been tired is ejected. The safety locking device is, in its normal position,

it is necessary to iirst unlock said device before the gun can possibly be discharged after it has been opened for any purpose.

Having thus described our invention, We clainr.

n l. In a gun, afiring pin, a main spring for operating the same, anda sear to engage the main spring, a pivoted lever to contact with said main spring, a hinged barrel to operate said lever and an ejector in said barrel, means, substantially as described, vfor connecting said lever to said ejector to cause the same to be operated by said spring whereby the main spring is adapted to successively operate the ejector and the tiring pin, substantially as vand for the purpose specified.

2. A main spring, a sear for holding said main spring, and a pivoted lever to contact with said spring, a pivoted barrel having a projection to engage said lever when said barrel is moved on its pivoted connection, and sliding pins adapted to contact with said lever when said spring is out of engagement with said sear, and a connection from said pins with ejector slides arranged i'n said gun barrel, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. In a gun, a pivoted barrel and a pivoted lover, to contact with said barrel when said barrel is turned to open the gun, a main spring a'nd a sear to engage said main spring, said spring being adapted to contact with said pivvoted lever and be compressed thereby when sliding pins to contact with said levers when operated by said spring, pivoted ejector levers tocontact with said sliding pins, and ejector slides to contact with said pivoted levers, substantially as specified.

5. In a gun, the combination with a Uvshaped main spring and its supporting and operating mechanism, of a [Airing pin arranged above and in line with said spring so as to contact directly therewith when said spring,r is released, said iiring pin being provided with a curved slotted opening, and a supporting stud extending through said slotted opening to support and limit the movement of said firing pin, substantially as and for the purj pose specified.

6. In a gun, a hinged barrel, a pivoted latch for locking and unlocking said barrel, a main spring having an engaging sear, a springpressed locking lever to engage said sear, a sliding bar to operate said locking lever, and means, substantially as described, for operating said bar to cause said locking lever to engage said searby the movement of said pivoted latch, substantially as specified.

7. A pivoted sear, and a main springadapted to be engaged thereby, a curved firing pin to IOO contact with said main spring when released,

a pivoted locking lever adapted, When moved in one position, to engage with said sear, and means, substantially as described, `for operating said lever to 'automatically lock said sear when the gun is opened, substantially as specified.

S. A main spring, and a sear adapted to engage the same, a spring-pressed locking lever v to engage and lock said sear, a sliding bar having a projecting stud to operate said locking lever, said bar beingprovided with a catch adapted to hold said locking lever out of engagement with said sear, pivoted catch for locking and unlocking the barrel, and a cam fac'e on said catch adapted to disengage said sliding bar and permit the locking lever to engage said sear when the barrel is unlocked, substantially as specified.

9. A main spring, a sear to engage the same, and a curved firing pin adapted to contact therewith, a pivoted lever, and a hinged barrel to operate said lever, an ejector slide in said barrel, and contacting devices adapted to contact with said lever when operated by said spring, and means for connecting said contactingV devices to said ej ector'slide wherehy a single spring -is adapted to "operate the firing pin and the ejector slide, substantially as and for the purpose specified.`

10. The combination with a hinged barrel having a backwardly extending projeetion,`

of a pivoted plate `having a projecting finger adapted to engage in said 'barrebprojectiom a sliding pin having a-sh'onlder adapted to contact with said barrel-projection when said barrel is closed, said pin being adapted, when vstantifilly as specified.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set 15 our hands this lSth day of November, A. D..

CHARLES A. YOUNG. SILAS H. BARTON. Witnesses:

A. L. DE LEEUM, CHAs. I. WELCH. 

